屋面沥青油毡防水卷材的渗漏原因与修复.doc

屋面沥青油毡防水卷材的渗漏原因与修复

屋顶作为建筑物最上层覆盖的外维护结构，它的主要功能是保护人类生产、生活免受自然的危险。过去，沥青油毡一直作为主要防水材料用于屋面防水。然而自然界的风霜雨雪、太阳的辐射，气温的变化和其它外界不利因素等都会影响普通防水卷材的正常使用，尤其以日照、气温、降雨量影响最为突出，当然还有一些内在因素的影响如屋顶本身构造、施工方法不当、后期使用等造成了屋顶普通防水卷材的渗漏或破坏。
　　外界环境因素的影响

　　1、日照的影响

　　太阳对于柔性防水材料是不利的。太阳光线的能量使沥青油毡的温度升高并且诱发化学反应，从而加速防水材料的氧化老化，使沥青油毡的韧性减少，脆性增加，对于可发生光化学反应的防水材料体系，情况更加复杂。在普通防水卷材的应用初期，阳光提供了化学交联反应所必须的能量，材料的强度和弹性有可能改善；但是随着时间的拉长，光照能量最终会导致并加速防水卷材的老化和断裂。

　　2、温度的影响

　　温度高能够加快沥青材料的氧化与老化过程。对于一些加入了增加了增塑剂（增塑剂一般为沸点较高、不容易挥发、与沥青油毡有良好相溶性的低分子油
Roofing asphalt waterproofing membrane leakage causes and repair

As a building roof top of the outer cover to maintain the structure, its main function is to protect human production and life from natural hazards. In the past, asphalt waterproof material has been used as the main roof waterproof. However, wind, frost, nature, rain and snow, the sun's radiation, air temperature and other external factors will adversely affect the normal use of ordinary water-proof membrane, especially sunlight, temperature, rainfall affected the most prominent, of course, some internal factors If the roof structure itself, improper construction methods, post-use of common cause the roof waterproofing membrane leakage or damage.
The impact of environmental factors

1, the impact of sunshine

Sun is unfavorable for the flexible waterproof material. The energy of the sun's rays to make asphalt and the temperature rise induced by chemical reaction, thus speeding up the oxidation aging of waterproof material, so that the toughness of asphalt to reduce the brittleness increased, the photochemical reaction can occur waterproof material system, the situation is more complex. In general the application of waterproofing membrane early sun to provide the chemical cross-linking reaction to the energy, materials, strength and flexibility may be improved; but as time stretching, light energy will eventually lead to and accelerate the aging of waterproofing membrane and fracture.

2, temperature

High temperature can accelerate the oxidation of asphalt materials and the aging process. For some added increased plasticizer (high boiling point plasticizer generally not likely to be volatile, and the asphalt has a good compatibility of the low molecular weight oil