山区公路软基病害研究.rar

山区公路软基病害研究

摘要：随着高等级公路建设规模的扩大，山区公路所面临的路基病害特别是软土路基病害问题也逐渐增多。为了对山区软土的特性及常见病害有一个深入的了解和认识，本文结合陕南勉（县）—宁（强）高速公路工程对山区软土的成因及其特性进行了初步分析和总结，并根据其特性以及我国山区公路软基普遍存在的病害问题，总结了山区公路软基的主要病害类型，同时在此次工程实践中提出了相应的软基处理方法及建议，以便为以后的山区公路工程建设提供一些参考和帮助。
关键词：山区软土 山区公路软基 病害 处理方法 处理建议
　　我国对软土理论的研究已有数十年的历史，对软土的基本工程性质也进行了大量的试验与总结，但以往的研究大都是以我国东部及东南沿海地区的软土为研究对象，中西部山区的软土却很少涉及，特别是工程地质环境十分复杂的西部地区就更少了。随着西部大开发战略的实施，对山区软土特性及其对道路工程危害性的研究日益受到人们的重视，由此，本文结合实际工程对山区软土的成因和特性进行了研究和分析，初步总结了山区软基的主要病害类型，提出了相应的软基处理方法和建议。
　　1、山区软土的成因及其特殊性
　　1.1 山区软土的成因
　　在我国广大山区，沉积着一类在形成环境和性质上不同于一般东部平原和沿海地区的软土，一般称为“山地型”软土，它在我国南部、西南部的山区或丘陵区的分布为最广。其成因主要是由于当地的软岩风化物和地表的有机物质经过流水的搬运，沉积于地形的低洼处，并经过长时间的饱水软化，以及微生物的分解作用而形成[1]。属以坡洪积、湖积和冲积为主的软土，也有少量是由坡残积物堆积而形成。
　　位于陕南秦巴山区的GZ40勉（县）－宁（强）高速公路全长54.487km，经陕西省水利电力勘测设计研究院详细勘察得知该段内地基大都为山区软土地基，由于受地形地貌和母岩出露位置的控制，软土大都分布在冲沟、谷地、河流阶地和各种洼地处。从分布上看，其总的特点是：分布面积小，厚度变化大，多呈透镜状或鸡窝状。
　　1.2 山区软土的特殊性
　　根据资料，本段山区软土作为山地沉积类型的软土具有一定的代
Diseases of soft mountain highway

Abstract: With the expansion of the scale of highway construction, mountain road embankment facing the disease, especially diseases of soft soil foundation problem is gradually increasing. To the characteristics of soft soil on the mountain and the common disease with an in-depth knowledge and understanding, this paper, Southern Min (County) - Ning (strong) highway project on the mountain causes and characteristics of soft soil a preliminary analysis and summary according to their characteristics, and soft mountain highway in China common disease problems, summed up the mountain road the main disease types soft, while the engineering practice, put forward the corresponding soft approach and recommendations to the mountains for the future highway construction to provide some information and help.
Key words: mountain mountain road soft soft approach to disease treatment recommendations
My theory of the soft soil for several decades, on the basic engineering properties of soft soil also had a lot of tests and the conclusion, but based on our previous studies, mostly in eastern and southeastern coastal areas of soft soil as the research object, soft soil in central and western mountains rarely involved, in particular geological environment is very complex and even less in the western region. With the implementation of the western development strategy, on the mountain of soft soil characteristics and on the dangers of road works increased attention has been paid, thus, the actual works on the mountain this paper, the causes and characteristics of soft soil have been studied and analyzed preliminary summary of the main diseases of soft mountain type, the corresponding soft ground treatment and recommendations.
1, mountains and special causes of soft soil
1.1 The causes of soft mountain
Vast mountain areas in China, with a class of sedimentary environment and nature in the formation of the eastern plains and coastal areas is different from the soft soil, generally known as "mountain-type" soft soil, which in our south, south-west of the mountains or hilly areas of the most widely distributed. The cause was mainly due to the local soft rock weathering and organic matter through the water surface transportation and deposition in a low lying terrain, and after a long period of full water softening, and microbial decomposition to form [1]. Is to slope alluvial, lacustrine and alluvial-based soft soil, but also a small amount of residual material from the slope formed by accumulation.
In southern Shaanxi Qinling Mountains GZ40-mien (County) - Ning (strong) Freeway full 54.487km, by the Shaanxi Provincial Water Conservancy and Electric Power Investigation & Design Institute of the detailed investigation that most of the mountainous section of the mainland-based soft, due to topography and location of the control of the exposed rock, soft soil mostly distributed in the gulch, valley, river terraces and a variety of depression Department. From the distribution point of view, its general features are: distribution of small size, thickness changes, often isolated or chicken coop-like lens.
1.2 The special nature of mountain soft soil
According to the information, this paragraph as the mountain of soft soil deposits mountain type has a certain generation of soft soil