预防桥头跳车减少工程病害.rar

预防桥头跳车减少工程病害

【摘   要】文章分析了桥台跳车产生的原因及对工程的危害，讨论了一些预防的措施和应对的方法。
　　【关键词】桥头跳车；工程病害；预防
     一、桥头跳车对工程及运管的主要危害
      所谓跳车是由于公路桥头及伸缩缝（桥头引道）处的差异沉降或伸缩缝破坏而使路面纵坡出现台阶引起车辆通过时产生跳跃的现象，其主要危害有以下几个方面：
      第一，对行车安全和舒适度的影响。由于跳车的存在使车辆不得不降低车速，使公路的使用功能和通行能力受到很大影响；另外跳车使驾驶员和乘车者感到不适，心情不快易疲劳，所载货物易损坏；严重跳车会造成翻车、追尾等交通事故，威胁人、车和财物的安全，造成生命、财产的损失。
      第二，由跳车产生的水平和垂直冲击力会对路面、路基和桥梁结构物产生进一步的损坏，从而增加了养护维修费用和管理的难度，并降低了公路使用性能。
      第三，跳车时的冲击力会对车辆产生不利反力，增加车辆的振动和机械磨损和轮胎的磨耗，油耗增大，缩短车辆使用年限，增加运输成本。
      第四，跳车时的振动和噪声对驾驶员乘车者和公路两旁的居民会产生噪声污染，不利于人们身心健康，影响其正常的工作和生活。
      二、产生桥头跳车的成因分析
　   桥头跳车台阶的产生和行成是多方面的，包括地基地面条件、填料、施工材料以及设计、施工等多方面的原因。
      （一）桥头及台后填方地基的受力与沉降变形分析
　　我国地域辽阔，作为桥台及台后填方地基的地层岩性状况也千差万别，如基岩（岩浆岩、沉基岩、变质岩）地基、黄土地基、软土地基、冻土地基、盐渍土地基、膨胀地
Bump reduce disease prevention project

Abstract This paper analyzes the causes abutment Bump and the harm the project, discusses some of the preventive measures and response methods.
Key words Bump; engineering disease; prevention
     1, Bump on the engineering and operation management of major hazards
      The so-called jumping was due to road and bridge expansion joints (Bridge Approach) Office of differential settlement or expansion joint damage caused by Er Shi road vehicles through the longitudinal step occurs when the hopping phenomenon, the main hazards in the following areas:
      First, driving safety and comfort of. Because the presence of jumping the vehicle had to reduce the speed, so that the use of road features and capacity is very much affected; also jumping to the driver and the car would feel discomfort, unpleasant feelings, fatigue, easy to damage the goods; serious Bump cause roll-over, rear-end accidents, etc., threatening people, vehicles and property safety, resulting in life and property losses.
      Second, the horizontal and vertical jumping generated will impact the road, embankment and bridge structures produce further damage, thereby increasing the maintenance cost and management difficulties, and reduced road performance.
      Third, the jumping impact force when the vehicle would have a negative reaction, increase vehicle vibration and mechanical wear and tire wear, fuel consumption increases, shortening the useful life of vehicles, increasing transportation costs.
      Fourth, the vibration and noise when jumping on the driver's car and roadside residents will produce noise pollution, is not conducive to people's health, affect their normal work and life.
      Second, generate the Causes Bump
Bump step into the production and action are many, including the ground surface conditions, packing, construction materials and design, construction and other reasons.
      (A) of the bridge and after the embankment of Taiwan by force and Settlement Analysis
China's vast territory, and Taiwan as a bridge abutment after the embankment of the formation lithology conditions also vary, such as rock (igneous rock, Shen rock, metamorphic rock) foundation, loess, soft ground, frozen ground, salted land base, expanding to