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软土地基分层注浆工法(SRF).doc

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 软土地基分层注浆工法
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软土分层注浆工法一(SRF)是针对上海软土的特点来研究的，上海软土从宏观上来看，出现出松、软、承载力低，颗粒细、塑性流动等特点，在这样的软土中注浆加固、用渗透注浆是不现实的，所以只能是劈裂注浆。SRF注浆工法正是适应劈裂注浆所研制的一种新施工法，有关注浆设备、注浆材料、注浆工艺流程、各种注浆参数以及效果测试等是一门综合性研究课题，以上海隧道施工技术研究所为主体，水电部上海勘察设计院、同济大学、江南造船厂、上海第三分析仪器厂等单位协作，结合试点工程共同完成，并于1987年通过市级技术鉴定。该注浆技术具有较好的技术经济效果，它不仅适用于上海软土的注浆加固，而且也适用于其他复杂地层注浆加固，该项技术成果荣获1988年上海市科学技术进步一等奖，1989年国家科学技术进步三等奖。
1 特点
1.1 SRF工法适用范围较广，既可适用于渗透性较好的砂层，又可适用于渗透性较差的粘土。
1.2该工法所采用的施工设备体积小巧，适用于市区较狭小的施工场所。在施工中，钻孔和注浆可以交错作业，钻机和注浆泵等设备都能最大限度地发挥其工作效能，有利于提高工效。
1.3分层注浆可以根据土层的不同层次和程度，按加固的不同要求区别对待，并且可以反复地进行注浆。
1.4配有高性能的专用液压注浆泵，注浆流量自0～50L／min可以任意调节，注浆最高压力可以事先设定。
1.5配有压力、流量自动记录仪，能对注浆的过程进行监控，并且可将监测数据贮存，打印绘制图表。
1.6配有高性能的双头密封注浆芯管，可以分别注入水泥浆液和化学浆液。
2 适用范围
SRF工法不仅适用于各类砂土，而且也用作处理淤泥质粘土、粉质粘土、粘土和一般填土层。
SRF工法可用于配合盾构和顶管推进进行跟踪注浆，能够有效地控制地面沉降，保护因沉降而引起损害的建筑物和地下管线，亦可应用于深基坑周围的土体加固、建筑物的基础加固，机场跑道的充填注浆加固、对基坑和隧道进行堵漏的注浆加固和稳定边坡的注浆加固等工程。
3 原理
SRF工法主要是利用浆液在压力作用下，似利斧劈入土层，浆液在劈入土层过程中，并不与土体混合，而是以二相存在，同时产生充填效应、挤压效应、扩散效应、骨架效应和离子效应等，达到注浆加固土层的效果。
4 施工顺序和工艺流程
4.1施工顺序见图1。
Soft layered Grouting Construction Method
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Soft soil layer Grouting Construction Method 1 (SRF) is for Shanghai to study the characteristics of soft soil, the Shanghai soft soil from a macro point of view, appear out of loose, soft, low bearing capacity and smaller size, plastic flow characteristics, such soft soil reinforcement, use of permeation grouting is unrealistic, it can only be split grouting. SRF Grouting method is developed to adapt to split grouting the construction of a new method, the grouting equipment, grouting materials, grouting process, a variety of grouting parameters and test results is a comprehensive research project , Research Institute of Shanghai as the main tunnel, the Department of Shanghai Water Survey and Design Institute, Tongji University, Jiangnan Shipyard, Shanghai No. 3 Analytical Instrument Factory and other units of collaboration, combined with a common pilot project completed in 1987 by municipal technical appraisal . The grouting technique has better technical and economic effect, it applies not only to Shanghai soft soil reinforcement, but also for other complex strata reinforcement, the results of the technology won the 1988 Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Award 1989 National Science and Technology Progress Award.
1 Features
1.1 SRF engineering methods broader scope of application can apply to permeable sand, but also applicable to poor permeability of the clay.
1.2 The construction method used in compact construction equipment, suitable for small construction sites than urban. In construction, drilling and grouting operations can be staggered, drilling and injection pump and other equipment can maximize the effectiveness of its work will help improve work efficiency.
1.3 Hierarchical grouting at different levels according to soil and extent of the different requirements by reinforcing discrimination and grouting can be carried out repeatedly.
1.4 with a special high-performance hydraulic injection pump, injection flow rate from 0 ~ 50L/min can be adjusted, the maximum grouting pressure can be preset.
1.5 with the pressure, flow recorder, can monitor the process of grouting and monitoring data can be stored, printed charting.
1.6 Double sealed with high performance grouting core tube can be separately injected into the cement slurry and chemical slurry.
2 Scope
SRF construction method is applicable not only to all types of sand, silt, but also for the treatment of clay, silty clay, clay, and generally fill soil.
SRF working method can be used with the shield and pipe jacking Tuijin track grouting, can effectively control land subsidence, settlement and protection of Yin buildings and caused damage to underground pipelines, but also deep pit 周围 Yingyong Yu, strengthening the soil, building the basis of reinforcement material, filling the runway grouting of tunnel excavation and grouting and plugging in the slope stability of grouting works.
3 Principles
SRF construction method is to use slurry under pressure, may benefit ax into the soil, slurry in the process of splitting into the soil is not mixed with the soil, but in the second phase exists, while producing filling effect, squeeze effect, diffusion effect, frame effects, and ion effects, etc., to the effect of grouting soil.
4 construction sequence and processes
4.1 Construction sequence shown in Figure 1.

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