成功项目管理的秘密.doc

成功项目管理的秘密

1. 定义项目成功的标准

在项目的开始，要保证风险承担者对于他们如何判断项目是否成功有统一的认识。经常，满足一个预定义的进度安排是唯一明显的成功因素，但是肯定还有其他的因素存在，比如：增加市场占有率，获得指定的销售量或销售额，取得特定用户满意程度，淘汰一个高维护需求的遗留系统，取得一个特定的事务处理量并保证正确性。

2. 识别项目的驱动、约束和自由程度

每个项目都需要平衡它的功能性，人员，预算，进度和质量目标。我们把以上五个项目方面中的每一个方面，要么定义成一个约束，你必须在这个约束中进行操作，要么定义成与项目成功对应的驱动，或者定义成通向成功的自由程度，你可以在一个规定的范围内调整。相关的详细信息，请参照我的《创建一种软件工程文化》（Creating a Software Engineering Culture）（Dorset House, 1996）中的第二章。

3. 定义产品发布标准

在项目早期，要决定用什么标准来确定产品是否准备好发布了。你可以把发布标准基于：还存在有多少个高优先级的缺陷，性能度量，特定功能
The secret of successful project management

1. The definition of project success criteria

In the beginning of the project, to ensure that stakeholders for how they judge the success of the project a unified understanding. Often, to meet a predefined schedule is the only significant success factor, but certainly there are other factors exist, such as: increasing market share, sales, or sales were specified to obtain a specific user satisfaction, out of a high maintenance requirements of legacy systems, to obtain a specific amount of the transaction and ensure accuracy.

2. Identify project drivers, constraints, and the degree of freedom

Each project needs to balance its functionality, personnel, budget, schedule and quality targets. We have more than five projects in each area, or defined as a constraint, you must operate in the constraints, or success of the project defined and the corresponding drive, or a defined degree of freedom to success, you can within a specified range of adjustment. Related details, please refer to my "create a software engineering culture" (Creating a Software Engineering Culture) (Dorset House, 1996) in the second chapter.

3. Define product release criteria

Early in the project, to decide what criteria to determine whether the product is ready for release. You can publish guidelines are based: there are also a number of high-priority defects, performance measurement, specific features